Article: Tretinoin

Tretinoin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl) -nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	302-79-4
ATC code	D10AD01 D10AD04, D10BA01, L01XX14, L01XX22
PubChem	5538
DrugBank	APRD00362
Chemical data
Formula	C20H28O2
Mol. weight	300.435 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	> 95%
Metabolism	?
Half life	0.5-2 hours
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	?

Tretinoin is a retinoic acid (vitamin A) drug commonly used to treat acne vulgaris and keratosis pilaris. It is available as a cream or gel (brand name Retin-A®). It is used by some as a hair loss treatment.

Clinical Pharmacology

Although the exact mode of action of tretinoin is unknown, current evidence suggests that topical tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells with decreased microcomedo formation. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells causing extrusion of the comedones.

Uses

Tretinoin is most commonly used as a form of acne treatment. It was the first retinoid developed for this type of topical use. It is also used for hair loss treatment.

Side effects and sunscreen use

When used, dryness of the affected skin may occur. More sensitive patients may also experience redness, scaling, itching, and burning. Sun exposure may be detrimental to its intended effects. Application of sunscreen while using tretinoin is strongly recommended.

See also

• Baldness treatments