Electric And Magnetic Fields		Radiation Exposure
Cell Phones; Electromagnetic Fields; EMF

Pictures

WAMF1 gif

fields are little affected by trees hedges fences and ordinary building materials unlike electric fields More on screening fields Iron Filings used to highlight the magnetic field lines produced by a 1000 A current

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compet gif

All overhead lines produce electric and magnetic fields The field is highest directly under the line and falls to the sides see also a similar graph for electric fields Typical ground level UK field levels from overhead power lines

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suntan jpg

No one can avoid exposure to non ionising radiations which include light ultraviolet radiation radio and TV transmission waves and electric and magnetic fields associated with power lines Of these only ultraviolet radiation particularly from the sun constitutes a known cancer hazard The

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a576 jpg

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS RADIATION HUMAN BIOEFFECTS SAFETY by Riadh W y Habash Summarizes the latest research regarding the effect of electric and magnetic field exposure on human health Discusses current safety standards and guidelines in the

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SOEt2 gif

typical fields from various power lines in two separate and complex tables for electric and magnetic fields Examples of typical maximum fields from lines of different voltages What is the average field from a line The following table gives more detail on

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hpa1 gif

with fields greater than 0 2 µT As expected less of these 23 come from power lines and more from low voltage sources as shown in the following diagram The original UKCCS paper suggested that only 1 of the 9 controls with fields greater than 0 4 µT received that exposure from a high voltage power line This new work shows

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66bm gif

the highest allowed 1 4 kA in each circuit The field also depends on the phasing 66 kV lines usually have Untransposed U phasing Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher and the loads are usually lower The two curves

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33bm gif

each circuit but there may be exceptions The field also depends on the phasing 33 kV lines usually have Untransposed U phasing Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher and the loads are usually lower The two curves

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11bm gif

500 A in each circuit but there may be exceptions The field also depends on the phasing 11 kV lines usually have Untransposed U phasing Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher and the loads are usually lower The two curves shown

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13bm gif

the highest allowed 1 4 kA in each circuit The field also depends on the phasing 132 kV lines usually have Untransposed U phasing Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher and the loads are usually lower The three curves

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hpa2 gif

in the general volume of the home greater than 0 4 µT 43 of these were due to high voltage overhead lines The breakdown is shown in the following diagram They also did a similar exercise for homes with fields greater than 0 2 µT As expected less of these 23 come from power lines and more from low voltage sources

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04bm gif

minimum allowed 5 5 m The maximum loads assumed are 200 A load current and 10 A net current but higher values might exceptionally be found Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher and the loads are usually lower This graph is for 8 m

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ribspatialdist jpg

of radon exposure has been calculated using actual situations with actual fat cell sizes and distributions such as are provided by histologically prepared samples of bone and marrow Spatial distribution of fat cells This was first carried out manually for human rib for an age range of 16 96 years Allen et al 1995 to provide information on i the size

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11typical gif

variable and cannot be predicted accurately The following graph shows typical fields from the net current in a 11 kV cable Occasionally an 11 kV cable may have separate cores Then the field would be more like a 132 kV cable with separate cores Underground cables

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40em gif

is the minimum allowed 7 6 m The field also depends on the phasing Untransposed U is generally higher and is shown here Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher Also many lines are a slightly smaller

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27em gif

is the minimum allowed 7 6 m The field also depends on the phasing Untransposed U is generally higher and is shown here graph 27em Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher Also many lines are a slightly

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04et vm gif

Typical fields are lower than the maximum field because the clearance is usually higher This graph is for 8 m clearance Sometimes the separate conductors are insulated and twisted together called aerial bundled conductors abc Then the fields are

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11bt gif

loads the normal U phasing and two different line designs a lattice steel pylon the higher field and a wood pole design the lower field typical 11 kV wood pole

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ellipse gif

the magnetic field traces out an ellipse in space The orientation and shape of the ellipse depend on the details of the sources Defining the size of the field The red ellipse in this diagram shows the ellipse traced out by the magnetic field over the course of one cycle The largest value obtained by the field is along the major axis

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66bt gif

normal U phasing and two different line designs a lattice steel pylon L132 the higher field and a wood pole design the lower field This table gives some actual field values for the same conditions

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