Definitions

• O&P
  
• O'Sullivan-McLeod Syndrome
  
• O(6)-benzylguanine -
  A drug that may improve the response of cancer cells to chemotherapy.
• Oak Lungs
  
• oat cell cancer -
  A type of lung cancer in which the cells look like oats when viewed under a microscope. Also called small cell lung cancer.
• obese -
  An abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat.
• Obesity
  Obesity is a condition in which the natural energy reserve of humans or other mammals, which is stored in fat tissue, is expanded far beyond usual levels to the point where it impairs health. Obesity in wild animals is relatively rare, but it is common in domestic animals like pigs and household pets who may be overfed and underexercised. In humans it is considered a major challenge to health.
• Obesity and Overweight
  
• Obesity and Weight Management
  
• Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS)
  Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (also known as Pickwickian syndrome) is a condition in which severely overweight people fail to breathe rapidly ...
• objective improvement -
  An improvement that can be measured by the health care provider (for example, a decrease in pain can be measured by how much pain medicine the patient is taking).
• objective response -
  A measurable response.
• oblimersen -
  A drug that may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein that makes cancer cells live longer. Also called bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139 and augmerosen.
• observation -
  Closely monitoring a patient's condition but withholding treatment until symptoms appear or change. Also called watchful waiting.
• observational study -
  A type of study in which individuals are observed or certain outcomes are measured. No attempt is made to affect the outcome (for example, no treatment is given).
• Obstetrical Procedures Statistics
  
• Obstetrics
  Obstetrics (from the Latin obstare, "to stand by") is the surgical specialty dealing with the care of a woman and her offspring during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (the period shortly after birth). Almost all modern obstetricians are also gynaecologists; see Obstetrics and gynaecology.
• obstruction -
  Blockage of a passageway.
• Obstruction of the urethra
  
• Obstructive jaundice
  Jaundice, also known as icterus (attributive adjective: icteric), is a yellowish discoloration of the skin, the conjunctival membranes over the ...
• Obstructive sleep apnea
  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep apnea caused by obstruction of the airway. It is characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep ...
• Obstructive uropathy
  Obstructive uropathy is a structural or functional hindrance of normal urine flow, sometimes leading to renal dysfunction (obstructive nephropathy).
• obtundation - ob-tun-DAY-shun
  A dulled or reduced level of alertness or consciousness.
• Occipital Neuralgia
  Occipital Neuralgia is a medical condition characterized by chronic pain in the upper neck, back of the head, and behind the ears. These areas correspond to the locations of the lesser and greater occipital nerves. Occipital neuralgia is caused by damage to these nerves. ...
• Occult Spinal Dysraphism Sequence
  
• occult stage non-small cell lung cancer -
  Cancer cells are found in sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs), but no tumor can be found in the lung by imaging or bronchoscopy, or the primary tumor is too small to be assessed.
• Occupational asthma
  This is asthma caused solely by something where you work. There are over 200 substances currently known and recognised as a cause of occupational asthma. Examples are: isocyanates, latex and some wood dusts. Oral steroid A class of medications generally used to help treat severe asthma attacks. Because these medications travel throughout the bloodstream to the entire body, there is more chance for serious side effects to occur.
• Occupational Cancer
  
• Occupational Diseases
  An occupational disease is any chronic ailment that occurs as a result of work or occupational activity. ...
• Occupational Health
  Health and safety in the workplace.
• Occupational Health for Healthcare Providers
  
• Occupational Health Statistics
  
• Occupational hearing loss
  
• Occupational Heart Disease
  
• Occupational Injuries
  
• occupational therapist -
  A health professional trained to help people who are ill or disabled learn to manage their daily activities.
• Occupational Violence
  
• Octamide
  
• octreotide -
  A drug similar to the naturally occurring growth hormone inhibitor somatostatin. Octreotide is used to treat diarrhea and flushing associated with certain types of tumors.
• Octreotide Injection
  
• Ocu-Mycin
  
• Ocu-Tracin
  
• Ocufen
  
• Ocuflox Ophthalmic Drops
  
• ocular melanoma -
  A rare cancer of melanocytes (cells that produce the pigment melanin) found in the eye. Also called intraocular melanoma.
• Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome
  Oculocerebrorenal syndrome (also called Lowe syndrome) is a X-linked recessive disorder characterized by hydrophthalmia, cataracts, intellectual ...
• Oculomotor Nerve Paralysis
  
• Ocupress
  
• Ocusulf-10
  
• Ocutricin Ophthalmic Ointment
  
• ODD
  leftover: not used up; "leftover meatloaf"; "she had a little money left over so she went to a movie"; "some odd dollars left"; "saved the remaining sandwiches for supper"; "unexpended provisions"
• Odontogenic Cysts
  
• off-label -
  Describes the legal use of a prescription drug to treat a disease or condition for which the drug has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
• Officiating
  umpirage: the act of umpiring; "the officiating was excellent"
• ofloxacin -
  An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called quinolone antibiotics.
• Ofloxacin Ear Solution
  
• Ofloxacin Injection
  
• Ofloxacin Ophthalmic Drops
  
• Ogen Vaginal Cream
  
• Ogestrel
  
• Ogon
  Metallic, single coloured Koi.
• OGX-011 -
  A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antisense oligonucleotides.
• Ohio
  Ohio is a Midwestern state in the northeastern corner of the United States. It was the first and eastern-most state in the Midwest admitted to the Union under the Northwest Ordinance. Its U.S. postal abbreviation is OH; its old-style abbreviation is O. Ohio is an Iroquois word meaning "great water." The name refers to the Ohio River that forms its southern border.
• Ohtahara Syndrome
  
• Oily Skin
  
• Oklahoma
  Oklahoma is a southwestern state of the United States and its U.S. postal abbreviation is OK; others abbreviate the state's name Okla. As of 2000, the population is 3,450,654.
• ol
  Office Lady, often abbreviated O.L. (Japanese: オーエル), is a female office worker in Japan who performs low-skill tasks such as serving tea and clerical work. She receives a minimum wage and often lives with parents into the adulthood years due to the often high rents of apartments, thus may be considered by some to be a freeter (Japanese: フリーター). ...
• Olanzapine
  Olanzapine (Zyprexa® or in a combination with fluoxetine as Symbyax®) was the second atypical antipsychotic to gain FDA approval and has become one of the most commonly used atypical antipsychotics. Olanzapine has been FDA approved for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute mania in bipolar disorder, agitation associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and as maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder. ...
• Olanzapine Disintegrating Tablets
  
• Olanzapine Injection
  
• olbimersen -
  A drug that may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein that makes cancer cells live longer. Also called bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139.
• Old woman's broom
  
• Older Adults
  
• Oleae europaea
  
• Oleae folium
  
• oligoastrocytoma -
  A rare type of brain tumor made up of two kinds of cells, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, which are brain cells that nourish and support nerve cells. Also called mixed glioma.
• oligodendroglial tumor -
  A rare, slow-growing tumor that begins in the oligodendrocytes (brain cells that nourish and support nerve cells). Also called an oligodendroglioma.
• oligodendroglioma - OL-ih-go-den-dro-glee-O-ma
  A rare, slow-growing tumor that begins in the oligodendrocytes (brain cells that nourish and support nerve cells). Also called an oligodendroglial tumor.
• Olive Leaf
  
• Olive Oil
  In agriculture, olive oil is an oil extracted from the fruit of the European olive tree (Olea europaea L.), which originated in the Mediterranean area. It is used in cooking, cosmetics, and soaps. Olive oil is regarded as a healthy dietary oil because of its high content of monounsaturated fat. It was also known as Lucca crown in the 19th century; an example of its usage is found in Sydney Smith's salad dressing.
• Olivier
  Olivier is an old, eroded crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It lies in a region of dense cratering on all sides. To the east-southeast is a younger but comparably-sized crater named Störmer. Southwest of Oliver is the Volterra crater.
• Olmesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide
  
• Olopatadine Ophthalmic Drops
  
• Olsalazine
  (Dipentum®)-two 5-ASA molecules joined together chemically so they can be broken down by bacteria in the colon to release the 5-ASA.
• oltipraz -
  A drug used in cancer prevention.
• Omalizumab
  Omalizumab (marketed under the name Xolair®) is the generic name for a drug used mainly in allergy-related asthma therapy, with the purpose of reducing allergic hypersensitivity. The drug, once administered subcutaneously, binds with immunoglobulin E (IgE), a substance commonly related to allergies when present in high amounts in the body. Omalizumab works by blocking the receptors of IgE. ...
• Oman
  The Sultanate of Oman is a country in the southwestern part of Asia, on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates in the northwest, Saudi Arabia in the west, and Yemen in the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea in the south and east, and the Gulf of Oman in the northeast.
• omega-3 fatty acid -
  A type of fat obtained in the diet and involved in immunity.
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids
  Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids found in certain fish tissues, and in vegetable sources such as flax seeds, hemp seeds, walnuts, and canola oil — though some sources contain other substances which may counteract the beneficial Omega-3 (see sections Omega-3 - Omega-6 balance, and Dietary sources below). Such fatty acids are also more prevalent in grass-fed or pasture-finished livestock, compared to those fed a diet high in grains.
• Omega-6 Fatty Acids
  The type of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in protein and most seed oils. This type of fat can generate both "good" and "bad" eicosanoids.
• omentectomy -
  Surgery to remove part or all of the omentum.
• omentum - oh-MEN-tum
  A fold of the peritoneum (the thin tissue that lines the abdomen) that surrounds the stomach and other organs in the abdomen.
• omeprazole -
  A drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion.
• Omeprazole capsules
  
• Omeprazole OTC
  
• Ommaya reservoir - o-MY-a REZ-er-vwahr
  A device surgically placed under the scalp and used to deliver anticancer drugs to the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
• Omnicef
  
• Omnicef Suspension
  
• Omnipaque (oral/rectal administration)
  
• Omnipen-N
  
• Omphalocele
  An omphalocele (en-GB: omphalocoele) is a type of abdominal wall defect in which the intestines, liver, and occasionally other organs remain ...
• On-the-Go Workout
  
• Onchocerciasis
  Onchocerciasis or river blindness is the world's second leading infectious cause of blindness. It is caused by Onchocerca volvulus, a parasitic worm that can live for up to fourteen years in the human body.
• oncogene -
  A gene that normally directs cell growth. If altered, an oncogene can promote or allow the uncontrolled growth of cancer. Alterations can be inherited or caused by an environmental exposure to carcinogens.
• oncologist - on-KOL-o-jist
  A doctor who specializes in treating cancer. Some oncologists specialize in a particular type of cancer treatment. For example, a radiation oncologist specializes in treating cancer with radiation.
• oncology -
  The study of cancer.
• oncology nurse -
  A nurse who specializes in treating and caring for people who have cancer.
• oncology pharmacy specialist -
  A person who works with an oncologist to prepare anticancer drugs.
• oncolysate -
  An extract made from cancer cells that are infected with a lytic strain of virus. The extract contains both cancer cell proteins and virus proteins. Oncolysates are being studied as cancer vaccines.
• oncolysis -
  The breakdown, or lysis, of a tumor. This can occur by mechanical means, chemicals, or infectious agents such as viruses. Oncolytic viruses do not lyse most normal cells.
• oncolytic -
  Refers to viruses that kill cancer cells more often than they kill normal cells.
• Onconase® -
  A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called ribonuclease enzymes. Also called ranpirnase.
• ondansetron -
  A drug that prevents or reduces nausea and vomiting. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiemetics.
• Ondansetron Hydrochloride Injection (Home Infusion)
  
• Ondansetron Oral Solution
  
• One Day Diet
  
• Online Publications
  (1999a) Chicago-based Ragan Communications provides a virtual warehouse of articles—some for free—on public relations practice generally as well as the Internet's impact on PR. Shel Holtz edits the technology features in the Ragan Report .
• onset of action -
  The length of time it takes for a medicine to start to work.
• ONTAK
  
• Ontario
  Ontario is the most populous of Canada's ten provinces. It is found in east-central Canada. Its capital is Toronto. Ottawa, the capital of Canada, is also located in Ontario. Ontario has a population (January 1, 2005) of 12,449,502, representing about 39% of the total Canadian population (Ontarians) and an area of 1,076,395km² (415,000 mi²) .
• Onychomycosis
  Fungus infection of the nail.
• ONYX-015 -
  A modified cold virus that selectively grows in and destroys certain types of cancer cells and leaves normal cells undamaged.
• oophorectomy - o-o-for-EK-toe-mee
  Surgery to remove one or both ovaries.
• open biopsy -
  A procedure in which a surgical incision (cut) is made through the skin to expose and remove tissues. The biopsy tissue is examined under a microscope by a pathologist. An open biopsy may be done in the doctor’s office or in the hospital, and may use local anesthesia or general anesthesia. A lumpectomy to remove a breast tumor is a type of open biopsy.
• open colectomy - ko-LEK-toe-mee
  An operation to remove all or part of the colon through a long incision made in the wall of the abdomen. When only part of the colon is removed, it is called a partial colectomy.
• open label study -
  A type of study in which both the health providers and the patients are aware of the drug or treatment being given.
• Open sores (ischemic ulcers) on the lower extremities
  
• Opening (rupture) of the fistula
  
• operable -
  Describes a condition that can be treated by surgery.
• ophthalmic -
  Having to do with the eye.
• Ophthalmology
  Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine which deals with the diseases of the eye and their treatment. The word ophthalmology comes from the Greek roots ophthalmos meaning eye and logos meaning word; ophthalmology literally means "the science of eyes." As a disciple it applies to animal eyes also, since the differences from human practice are surprisingly minor and are related mainly to differences in anatomy or prevalence, not differences in disease processes. ...
• ophthalmoscope - off-THAL-mo-skope
  A lighted instrument used to examine the inside of the eye, including the retina and the optic nerve.
• Opiate withdrawal
  
• Opiates
  The term opiate refers to the alkaloids found in opium, an extract from the unripe seeds of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). It has also traditionally referred to natural and semi-synthetic derivatives of morphine. The term is often incorrectly used to refer to all drugs with opium-/morphine-like pharmacological action, which are more properly classified under the broader term opioid.
• opioid -
  A synthetic drug that is used to treat moderate to severe pain. Opioids are similar to opiates such as morphine and codeine.
• Opioid intoxication
  
• Opisthorchis Infection
  
• opportunistic infection -
  An infection caused by an organism that does not normally cause disease. Opportunistic infections occur in people with weakened immune systems.
• Oppositional Defiant Disorder
  [DSM-IV] a type of disruptive behavior disorder characterized by a recurrent pattern of defiant, hostile, disobedient, and negativistic behavior directed toward those in authority, including such actions as defying the requests or rules of adults, deliberately annoying others, arguing, spitefulness, and vindictiveness that occur much more frequently than would be expected on the basis of age and developmental stage.
• Oprevlvekin, rH-IL-11 Injection
  
• Opsoclonus Myoclonus
  Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare neurological disorder of unknown causes which appears to be the result of an autoimmune process involving the nervous system. It is an extremely rare condition, affecting as few as 1 in 10,000,000 people per year. It affects 1 to 3 percent of children with neuroblastoma.
• Optic glioma
  [op´ tik • glee o´ ma] The generic name given to a glial tumor of the optic region. These tumors can involve the optic chiasm, the optic nerve ...
• optic nerve -
  The nerve that carries messages from the retina to the brain.
• Optic nerve atrophy
  Degeneration of the optic nerve fibers causing loss of vision. Associated with decreased visual acuity, fluctuating vision, photophobia, and ...
• Optic neuritis
  Optic neuritis is the inflammation of the optic nerve that may cause a complete or partial loss of vision.
• Opticrom
  
• Optifast
  
• OptiPranolol
  
• Optivar
  
• Optocaine
  
• Opuntia species
  
• Or-Tyl Injection
  
• Orabase HCA
  
• Orabase-B
  
• Oracit
  
• Orajel
  Orajel is an over-the-counter oral anesthetic intended for relief of toothaches. Its main ingredient is benzocaine.
• Orajel Perioseptic Spot Treatment
  
• oral -
  By or having to do with the mouth.
• oral and maxillofacial surgeon -
  A dentist who specializes in surgery of the mouth, face, and jaw.
• Oral Cancer, Childhood
  
• Oral candidiasis
  
• oral cavity -
  The mouth.
• Oral Contraceptives
  Oral contraceptives are chemicals taken by mouth to inhibit normal fertility. All act on the hormonal system. Female oral contraceptives have been on the market since the early 1960s, and enjoy great popularity. It is used by millions of women around the world, though the acceptance varies by region: approximately one-third of sexually active women in the United Kingdom, but much less in countries such as Japan. ...
• oral surgeon -
  A dentist with special training in surgery of the mouth and jaw.
• Oral Tobacco
  
• Oralet
  
• Oralone Dental
  
• Oramorph SR
  
• Orapred
  
• Oraqix
  
• Orazinc
  
• Orbital cellulitis
  Orbital cellulitis is a serious infection of eye tissues. Patients present with sudden onset of fever, proptosis, restricted eye movement, and ...
• Orbital pseudotumor
  An inflammatory mass in the tissues around or behind the eye that looks like and mimics the symptoms of a tumor. The cause is unknown. ...
• orchidectomy -
  Surgery to remove one or both testicles. Also called orchiectomy.
• orchiectomy - or-kee-EK-toe-mee
  Surgery to remove one or both testicles. Also called orchidectomy.
• Orchitis
  Orchitis or Orchiditis is an often very painful condition of the testicles involving inflammation, swelling and frequent infection. It should be taken very seriously and a doctor should be seen as soon as possible.
• Oregon
  Oregon is a state located on the United States' northwest, and bordering the Pacific Ocean, California, Washington, Idaho, and Nevada. Its northern border lies along the Columbia River and the east along the Snake River. Two north-south mountain ranges - the Coastal Range and the Cascade Mountain Range - form the two boundaries of the Willamette Valley, one of the most fertile and agriculturally productive regions in the world. ...
• Oreton Methyl
  
• organ -
  A part of the body that performs a specific function. For example, the heart is an organ.
• Organ Donation
  Organ donation is the removal of specific tissues of the human body from a person who has recently died, or from a living donor, for the purpose of transplanting them into other persons.
• Organ Donation And Transplantation
  
• Organ failure
  Organ failure is a condition where an organ does not perform its expected function.
• Organ failure can occur if sepsis develops
  
• Organ Transplant
  An organ transplant is the transplantation of a whole or partial organ from one body to another, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor. Organ donors can be living, or cadaveric (dead).
• Organ Transplantation
  An organ transplant is the transplantation of a whole or partial organ from one body to another, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor. Organ donors can be living, or cadaveric (dead).
• Organic brain syndrome
  Organic brain syndrome is a general term referring to many physical disorders that cause impaired mental function. It does not usually include psychiatric disorders. Though OBS is a common diagnosis in the elderly, it is related to disease processes and is not an inevitable part of aging.
• Organic Mental Disor
  
• Organic Mental Disorders
  a general term in psychiatry for many disorders, all of which are associated with some physical or chemical brain abnormality.
• Organic Solvents
  Liquid substances that are used in chemical synthesis and purification; many are volatile, flammable, toxic, and contribute to air and water pollution.
• organism -
  A living thing, such as an animal, a plant, a bacterium, or a fungus.
• Orgaran
  
• Orgonomy
  
• Orienteering
  Orienteering is a sport involving navigation with map and compass. The traditional form (sometimes referred to as Foot Orienteering or Foot-O) involves cross-country running, though other forms have evolved. Rules and principles are defined by the International Orienteering Federation.
• Origin of HIV/AIDS
  
• Orinase
  tolbutamide: sulfonylurea; an oral antidiabetic drug (trade name Orinase) used in the treatment of adult-onset diabetes mellitus
• ORLAAM
  
• Ornex
  Ornex is a small town and commune in the Ain département of eastern France, located on the RN5 highway between the Jura mountains and the Swiss border.
• Ornidyl Injection
  
• Ornish Diet
  The Ornish Diet is a somewhat popular diet that was developed by Dr. Dean Ornish M.D. in his book A Program for Reversing Heart Disease. It is a diet that is specifically formulated to reverse heart disease but has recently been used as a weight loss program. This vegetarian diet emphasizes low fat, filling foods which includes legumes and other high-fiber foods.
• Orofacial Cleft
  
• Oropharyngeal Candidiasis
  
• oropharynx - or-o-FAIR-inks
  The part of the throat at the back of the mouth. It includes the soft palate, the base of the tongue, and the tonsils.
• Orphenadrine
  Orphenadrine is a drug used to treat muscle injuries. The drug is in tablet form and should be taken orally.
• Orphenadrine Injection
  
• Ortho Tri-Cyclen
  a low-dose contraceptive
• Ortho-Novum 1/35
  
• Ortho-Novum 1/50
  
• Ortho-Novum 10/11
  
• Ortho-Novum 7/7/7
  
• Ortho-Prefest
  
• Orthodontia
  Orthodontics or orthodontia is the specialty of dentistry that is concerned with the study and treatment of malocclusions, which may be a result of tooth irregularity, disproportionate jaw relationships, or both.
• Orthomolecular medicine
  Orthomolecular medicine emphasises the use of natural substances found in a healthy diet such as vitamins, dietary minerals, amino acids, and essential fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of diseases.Orthomolecular medicine focuses on the role of proper nutrition in relation to health. Nutrition comes first in medical diagnoses and treatment and drug treatment is used only for specific indications.
• Orthopathy
  Orthopathy started in 1802 in the US and developed into the natural hygiene movement.
• Orthostatic Hypotension
  Orthostatic hypotension (also known as postural hypotension and, colloquially, as head rush) is a sudden fall in blood pressure that occurs when a person assumes a standing position. Symptoms, which generally occur after sudden standing, include dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision, and syncope (temporary loss of consciousness).
• Orthovisc
  
• Oseltamivir Oral Suspension
  
• Osgood-Schlatter disease
  An overuse condition or injury of the knee that causes pain and swelling below the knee area.
• OSI-7904L -
  A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.
• Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome
  In medicine, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (also known as "Osler's disease," "Osler-Weber-Rendu disease", and Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome ...
• Osmitrol
  mannitol: a diuretic (trade name Osmitrol) used to promote the excretion of urine
• Osmium Tetroxide
  The chemical compound osmium tetroxide (OsO4) is an oxide of the element osmium, in which it attains its highest oxidation number of 8.
• osmolality -
  The concentration of particles dissolved in a fluid. The osmolality of serum can help diagnose several medical conditions such as dehydration, diabetes, and shock.
• osteitis deformans -
  A chronic condition in which both the breakdown and regrowth of bone are increased. Osteitis deformans occurs most frequently in the pelvic and leg bones, skull, and lower spine. It is most common in older individuals, and may lead to bone pain, deformities, and fractures. Also called Paget's disease of bone.
• Osteitis fibrosa
  Osteitis fibrosa cystica (, abbreviated to OFC, and also known as osteitis fibrosa or Von Recklinghausen's disease of bone) is a skeletal disorder ...
• Osteochondroma
  benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage; usually occurs near the end of a long bone
• Osteogenesis imperfecta
  Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of inherited disorders that mainly affect the bones. The term "osteogenesis imperfecta" means imperfect bone formation. The condition causes bones to be fragile and easily broken and is also responsible for other health problems. Genetic changes are related to the following types of osteogenesis imperfecta. osteogenesis imperfecta, type I osteogenesis imperfecta, type II osteogenesis imperfecta, type III osteogenesis imperfecta, type IV Researchers have defined three more types of osteogenesis imperfecta (type V, type VI, and type VII), but the genetic causes have not yet been identified. The signs and symptoms of this condition vary widely. Type I osteogenesis imperfecta is the mildest form of the disorder, while type II is the most severe. All forms of osteogenesis imperfecta include fragile bones and frequent bone fractures. Some types are associated with brittle teeth, hearing loss, a blue or grey tint to the part of the eye that is usually white (the sclera), curvature of the spine (scoliosis), and loose joints. People with osteogenesis imperfecta are often shorter than average.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type I
  Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of inherited disorders that mainly affect the bones, causing them to be fragile and easily broken. Type I osteogenesis imperfecta is the mildest and most common type of the disorder. Osteogenesis imperfecta, type I is a subtype of osteogenesis imperfecta. The signs and symptoms of this condition vary, but osteogenesis imperfecta type I tends to be milder than the other types of osteogenesis imperfecta. Bones are brittle and easily broken. Multiple fractures are common during childhood and adolescence, and often result from minor trauma. People with this condition have a blue or gray tint to the part of the eyeball that is usually white (the sclera). Other signs and symptoms include loose joints, skin that bruises easily, and curvature of the spine (scoliosis). Hearing loss occurs in at least half of people with type I osteogenesis imperfecta, usually beginning in the late teens or early adulthood. Decreased hearing is usually caused by problems with the middle ear bones (conductive hearing loss), but in some cases the inner ear and nerves from the ear to the brain also become involved (mixed conductive and sensorineural hearing loss).
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III
  Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of inherited disorders that mainly affect the bones, causing them to be fragile and easily broken. Type III is a severe form of the disorder; its signs and symptoms fall between the very severe osteogenesis imperfecta type II and the milder osteogenesis imperfecta type I. Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III is a subtype of osteogenesis imperfecta. Infants with this form of osteogenesis imperfecta have soft, fragile bones that fracture easily. Broken bones may occur even before birth. People with the disorder are much shorter than average (adult height ranges from just under 3 feet to about 4 feet) because the condition prevents bones from growing normally. Spinal curvature (scoliosis) and bone abnormalities often become progressively worse during childhood, but tend to stabilize during adolescence. These complications may shorten a person's lifespan by affecting heart and lung function. Other signs and symptoms include a light blue tint to the part of the eyeball that is usually white (the sclera), brittle and discolored teeth, loose joints, and, in some cases, hearing loss.
• osteogenic sarcoma -
  A cancer of the bone that usually affects the large bones of the arm or leg. It occurs most commonly in young people and affects more males than females. Also called osteosarcoma.
• osteolytic -
  Causing the breakdown of bone.
• Osteomalacia
  Osteomalacia term for the softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization. Osteomalacia in children is known as rickets, and because ...
• Osteomyelitis
  Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone, usually caused by pyogenic bacteria or mycobacteria. It can be usefully subclassifed on the basis of the causative organism, the route, duration and anatomic location of the infection.
• Osteonecrosis
  What is Osteonecrosis?Osteonecrosis literally means “dead bone.” It most often refers to a form of arthritis in which one of the bones of a joint is affected by osteonecrosis, leading to arthritis in the joint. Osteonecrosis is known by many other names, such as avascular necrosis or ischemic necrosis. Osteonecrosis occurs because of a decrease in blood supply to specific parts of bones. This decreased circulation causes cells in the bone and bone marrow to begin to die. ...
• Osteopathic Medicine
  Osteopathy is the body of medicine that originally used strictly manipulative techniques for correcting somatic abnormalities thought to cause disease and inhibit recovery. However, over the past century, osteopathy has embraced the full spectrum of medicine (to different degrees across the world), including the use of prescription drugs and surgery, in addition to manipulative techniques.
• Osteopathy
  Osteopathy is the body of medicine that originally used strictly manipulative techniques for correcting somatic abnormalities thought to cause disease and inhibit recovery. However, over the past century, osteopathy has embraced the full spectrum of medicine (to different degrees across the world), including the use of prescription drugs and surgery, in addition to manipulative techniques.
• Osteopenia - premature infants
  
• osteoporosis - OSS-tee-oh-pa-ROW-sis
  A condition that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile.
• osteosarcoma - AHS-tee-o-sar-KO-ma
  A cancer of the bone that usually affects the large bones of the arm or leg. It occurs most commonly in young people and affects more males than females. Also called osteogenic sarcoma.
• Osteosarcoma/Bone Fibrous Histiocytoma
  
• Osteosarcoma/Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone
  
• ostomy - AHS-toe-mee
  An operation to create an opening (a stoma) from an area inside the body to the outside. Colostomy and urostomy are types of ostomies.
• Ostomy Surgery
  
• Other
  The other or constitutive other is a key concept in psychology and philosophy where it is often considered to be what defines or even constitutes the self (see self (psychology), self (philosophy), and self-concept) and other phenomena and cultural units: "What appear to be cultural units--human beings, words, meanings, ideas, philosophical systems, social organizations--are maintained in their apparent unity only through an active process of exclusion, opposition, and hierarchization. ...
• Other arrhythmias (occasionally)
  
• Other birth defects
  
• Other cancers
  Other cancers associated with asbestos exposure include colorectal, esophageal, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and stomach.
• Other complications of liver cirrhosis
  
• Other congenital problems
  
• Other neurological problems (such as vision changes, difficulty speaking, or cognitive decline)
  
• Other organ damage
  
• Other psychiatric problems, such as anxiety disorders
  
• Other therapies
  
• Oti-Med
  
• Otitis
  inflammation of the ear
• Otitis externa
  Otitis externa (also called swimmer's ear or ear ache) is an inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and ear canal.
• Otitis Media
  Otitis media (also known as glue ear) is an inflammation of the middle ear, usually associated with a buildup of fluid and frequently causes an earache. The fluid may or may not be infected.
• Otitis media - chronic
  
• Otitis media with effusion
  
• Otocain
  
• otolaryngologist - OAT-oh-LAR-in-GOL-uh-jist
  A doctor who specializes in treating diseases of the ear, nose, and throat. Also called an ENT (ear, nose, and throat) doctor.
• Otomar-HC
  
• Otosclerosis
  Otosclerosis is a hearing condition in which the stapes in the ear becomes attached to the surrounding bone by an abnormal bone growth. Sound transmission is progressively impaired so that hearing in the affected ear deteriorates.
• Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia
  Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia (OSMED) is an inherited disorder of bone growth that results in skeletal abnormalities, severe hearing loss, and distinctive facial features. The name of the condition indicates that it affects hearing (oto-) and the bones of the spine (spondylo-), and enlarges the ends of bones (megaepiphyses). The features of OSMED are similar to those of another skeletal disorder, Weissenbacher-Zweymüller syndrome. Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia is a subtype of collagenopathy, types II and XI. The distinctive characteristics of OSMED include severe bone and joint problems and very severe hearing loss. This disorder affects the epiphyses, the parts of the bone where growth occurs. People with the condition are often shorter than average because the bones in their arms and legs are unusually short. Other skeletal signs include enlarged joints, short hands and fingers, and flat bones of the spine (vertebrae). People with the disorder often experience back and joint pain, limited joint movement, and arthritis that begins early in life. Severe high-tone hearing loss is common. Typical facial features include protruding eyes; a sunken nasal bridge; an upturned nose with a large, rounded tip; and a small lower jaw. Some affected infants are born with an opening in the roof of the mouth, which is called a cleft palate.
• Otrivin
  
• ounce -
  A measure of weight (one-sixteenth pound) and volume (one-eighth cup).
• Our-Lord's-Candle
  
• Outbreak Investigations
  
• Outer ear ear infection
  
• Outer ear infection
  
• outpatient -
  A patient who visits a health care facility for diagnosis or treatment without spending the night. Sometimes called a day patient.
• ovarian -
  Having to do with the ovaries, the female reproductive glands in which the ova (eggs) are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus.
• ovarian ablation -
  Surgery, radiation therapy, or a drug treatment to stop the functioning of the ovaries. Also called ovarian suppression.
• Ovarian Cancer, Childhood
  
• Ovarian Cysts / Ovarian Cancer
  
• ovarian epithelial cancer -
  Cancer that occurs in the cells lining the ovaries.
• Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor
  
• Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors
  
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
  Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication from some forms of fertility medication. Most cases are mild, but a small proportion is ...
• Ovarian hypofunction
  
• Ovarian Insufficiency
  
• Ovarian Low Malignant Potential Tumor
  
• Ovarian Low Malignant Potential Tumors
  
• Ovarian overproduction of androgens
  
• ovarian suppression -
  Surgery, radiation therapy, or a drug treatment to stop the functioning of the ovaries. Also called ovarian ablation.
• Ovarian tumors
  
• Ovaries
  Ovaries are a part of a female organism that produces eggs.
• ovary - O-va-ree
  One of a pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus.
• Ovcon-35
  
• over-the-counter -
  OTC. A medicine that can be bought without a doctor's order. Examples include some analgesics (pain relievers). Also called nonprescription.
• Over-the-Counter Medicines
  
• Overactive Bladder
  A condition characterized by involuntary bladder muscle contractions during the bladder filling phase which the patient cannot suppress.
• overactive thyroid -
  Too much thyroid hormone. Symptoms include weight loss, chest pain, cramps, diarrhea, and nervousness. Also called hyperthyroidsm.
• overall survival -
  The percentage of subjects in a study who have survived for a defined period of time. Usually reported as time since diagnosis or treatment. Also called the survival rate.
• Overdose
  Overdose (オーヴァードーズ) is a 1994 album by Pizzicato Five. It was their first full length album after departing with founding member K-Taro Takanami. Setting a trend that would exist in later Pizzicato Five albums, Overdose is themed around a famous city, in this case New York City. ...
• Overeaters Anonymous
  Overeaters Anonymous (OA) is a twelve-step program offering a program of recovery from compulsive overeating and other eating disorders using the twelve steps and twelve traditions as interpreted by OA. Participants need not be overweight — in fact, some OA members are bulimic or anorexic. Like other twelve-step groups, OA groups typically meet weekly. More women than men participate in this program in most locations.
• Overeating Triggers
  
• overexpress -
  An excess of a particular protein on the surface of a cell.
• overgrowth syndrome -
  A group of genetic disorders in which there is an abnormal increase in the size of the body or a body part that is often noted at birth. Examples of overgrowth syndromes include neurofibromatosis, Sotos syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, Weaver syndrome, Proteus syndrome, Sturge-Weber syndrome, and fragile X syndrome. Many of these syndromes increase the risk of cancer.
• Overuse Syndrome
  
• Overview of Kidney Diseases in Children
  
• overweight -
  Being too heavy for one’s height. Excess body weight can come from fat, muscle, bone, and/or water retention. Being overweight does not always mean being obese.
• Overweight and Obesity
  
• Ovide
  Ovide (Publius Ovidius Naso) est un poète latin, né en 43 av. J.-C., mort en 17 ap. J.-C.
• Ovral-28
  
• ovulation - ov-yoo-LA-shun
  The release of an egg from an ovary during the menstrual cycle.
• Oxacillin
  a form of penicillin resistant to penicillinase and effective against penicillin-resistant staphylococci
• Oxacillin Oral Solution
  
• Oxacillin Sodium Injection
  
• oxaliplatin -
  An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called platinum compounds.
• Oxaliplatin Injection
  
• oxandrolone - ox-AN-dro-lone
  A drug used to help patients gain weight after injury, chronic infection, or severe illness. It belongs to the family of drugs called anabolic steroids.
• Oxaprozin
  Oxaprozin (brand name: Daypro®) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Chemically, it is a propionic acid derivative.
• Oxazepam
  Oxazepam is a benzodiazepine hypnotic sold under the name Serax.
• Oxcarbazepine Oral Suspension
  
• OXi-104 -
  An anticancer drug being evaluated in combination with cisplatin.
• Oxiconazole Cream
  
• Oxiconazole Lotion
  
• oxidation -
  Process in which molecules are split to give products that have unpaired electrons.
• oxidative metabolism -
  A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars). Also known as aerobic respiration, cell respiration, or aerobic metabolism.
• oxidative stress -
  A condition in which antioxidant levels are lower than normal. Antioxidant levels are usually measured in blood plasma.
• Oxistat Cream
  
• Oxistat Lotion
  
• Oxsoralen
  
• Oxybutynin
  Trade name Ditropan: a spasmolytic drug that increases bladder capacity and decreases the urgency to void; used in the treatment of neurogenic bladder.
• Oxybutynin Oral Syrup
  
• Oxybutynin Patch
  
• Oxychlorosene Topical
  
• Oxycodone
  Oxycodone is a very powerful and potentially addictive opioid analgesic medication synthesized from thebaine. It is similar to codeine, but is more potent and has a higher dependence potential.
• Oxycodone ER
  
• Oxycodone Solution
  
• OxyContin
  Oxycodone is a very powerful and potentially addictive opioid analgesic medication synthesized from thebaine. It is similar to codeine, but is more potent and has a higher dependence potential.
• Oxydose Solution
  
• OxyFAST Solution
  
• Oxygen Therapy
  Breathing of oxygen from a tank which is sometimes very helpful for cluster headaches.
• Oxytocin
  Oxytocin is a nine amino acid peptide hormone synthesized in magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Oxytocin is often bound to neurophysin (a carrier protein) as shown in the inset of the figure.
• Oxytocin Injection
  
• Oxytrol
  
• Ozone
  Ozone (O3) is an allotrope of oxygen, the molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms instead of the more stable diatomic O2.